180 years since the birth of scientist-pomologist, educator, public figure, state adviser Yaroslav Yosypovich Nemets (1842-1898)

180 years since the birth of the scientist-pomologist, educator, public figure, state adviser Yaroslav Yosypovich Nemets (1842-1898)< /p>

Scientist-pomologist Y.Y. German – was born in Prague in 1842, the son of the famous Czech writer Bozhena Nemtsova, studied at the Munich Academy of Arts and was a painter by profession. He started horticulture only in 1890, when, after being transferred from the position of director of a real school in the city of Rivne to the same position in the city of Vinnytsia, Podilsk province, he started arranging his own garden there, which very quickly became a nursery for interesting new fruit and berry species.< /span>

In 1895, the Department of Agriculture sent Yaroslav Yosypovych on a business trip to the USA to learn about the development of the American system of industrial fruit growing. After his return, the scientist fell ill and was able to finish his book only in 1898. An outstanding domestic fruit grower, founder and vice-president of the Imperial Horticultural Society, owner of the "Window" estate. Prince Anatoliy Yevhenovich Gagarin (1844-1917) of the Kherson province called the book Y.Y. Germany is an "epoch in the development of domestic industrial fruit growing".

In the "Fund of publications published in the XIX century. on agricultural subjects of the NNSGB of the National Academy of Sciences» the first posthumous edition (1898) and the second, posthumous edition (1899) of Y.Y. Germany «Industrial fruit growing in North America» with 223 figures and diagrams in the text. This book was published as a report on a business trip in 1895 by Y.Y. Germany, organized by the Department of Agriculture for the study of industrial fruit growing in North America (USA, Canada) with the aim of familiarizing domestic gardeners with the directions and state of this industry in this region. At that time, fruit growing in America was highly developed and had a huge industrial scale. This book was published under the editorship of the head of the III Department of the Department of Prince V.I. Masalsky with the direct participation of the head of the table V.G. Lomakina.

In his book, Y.Y. The German describes agricultural schools (in the USA in the 19th century there were 49 educational institutions in which agriculture was taught with the basics of horticulture) and research stations in the USA, which the author divided into three groups: 

a) stations of the cold zone: the states of South Dakota, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, the Canadian Agricultural Experiment Farm in Ottawa), whose task was to find the best and non-freezing rootstock for apple and plum trees, protect fruit trees from sunburn, grow cold-resistant varieties of stone crops;

b) stations of the temperate zone: states of North Carolina, Massachusetts, Michigan;

c) stations of the hot zone: states of California, Florida, Georgia, Texas, Louisiana.

The scientist also described horticultural societies in the USA, the activities of the Pomological Department under the Central Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, periodicals on horticulture, agricultural and industrial exhibitions, trade gardens institutions, nurseries and seed farms, planting gardens and their care, breeding vineyards and berry trees, methods of processing fruit products.

As mentioned earlier, after a trip to the USA, V.Y. is healthy. The German was badly blown up and he fell ill with lung disease. He died on November 18, 1898 in his native Prague, on the way to Berlin, where he was going for treatment.

The NNSGB of the National Academy of Sciences also stores articles by Yaroslav Yosypovych "Some New Currants", "English Gooseberry", "Japanese Plum Kelsey" in the magazine "Herald of Horticulture, Fruit Growing and Horticulture" for 1889-1891 and the article "American novelties" in the magazine "Fertility" for 1890, the obituary of Y. Y. Nemets with a description of his merits and printed works belongs to the pen of Prince A. Ye. Gagarin, published in the magazine "Potivnivtstvo" for January 1890

 

You can get acquainted with the exhibition materials
in the reading hall No. 2 of the National Library of the National Academy of Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences.< /p>